Research at FMARS

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type=\"text/javascript\">\r\n function equalHeight(group) {\r\n tallest = 0;\r\n group.each(function() {\r\n thisHeight = $(this).height();\r\n if(thisHeight > tallest) {\r\n tallest = thisHeight;\r\n }\r\n });\r\n group.height(tallest);\r\n }\r\n\r\n $(document).ready(function() {\r\n equalHeight($(\".feature\"));\r\n });\r\n </script>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n\r\n</head>\r\n\r\n<body class=\"two-sidebars\">\r\n\r\n <div id=\"page-wrapper\">\r\n\r\n\r\n <div id=\"header-wrapper\"><div class=\"width-wrapper clear-block\">\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n <div style=\"height: 30px;\" class=\"clear-block\"></div> \r\n \r\n \r\n <div id=\"site-logo\">\r\n <img src=\"/sites/default/files/diver_logo.png\" alt=\"FMARS 2009\" />\r\n </div>\r\n \r\n <div id=\"site-name\">\r\n FMARS 2009 </div>\r\n \r\n <div id=\"site-slogan\">\r\n Flashline Mars Arctic Research Station, Devon Island, Canada </div>\r\n \r\n \r\n </div></div>\r\n \r\n \r\n <div id=\"primary-links\"><div class=\"width-wrapper clear-block\">\r\n <div class=\"block\"><div class=\"block-inner\">\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <ul class=\"menu\"><li class=\"leaf first\"><a href=\"/\" title=\"Front Page\"><span>Home</span></a></li>\n<li class=\"leaf\"><a href=\"http://www.fmars2009.org/content/about-fmars\" title=\"General Information about the 2009 FMARS project\"><span>About FMARS</span></a></li>\n<li class=\"leaf\"><a href=\"http://www.fmars2009.org/content/fmars-xii-crew\" title=\"\"><span>Crew</span></a></li>\n<li class=\"leaf\"><a href=\"http://www.fmars2009.org/date-browser\" title=\"Crew Reports\"><span>Reports</span></a></li>\n<li class=\"leaf\"><a href=\"http://www.fmars2009.org/content/evas\" title=\"\"><span>EVAs</span></a></li>\n<li class=\"leaf last\"><a href=\"http://www.fmars2009.org/node/5\" title=\"Our Expedition Sponsors\"><span>Sponsors</span></a></li>\n</ul> </div>\r\n\r\n</div></div>  </div></div>\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n <div id=\"middle-wrapper\"><div id=\"shadow-left\"><div id=\"shadow-right\"><div class=\"width-wrapper\"><div id=\"main-page\" class=\"clear-block\"> \r\n \r\n <div class=\"sidebar-left\"><div id=\"height-wrapper\">\r\n <div class=\"left-sideblock block block-menu\" id=\"block-menu-primary-links \"><div class=\"sideblock-inner\">\r\n\r\n \r\n <div class=\"content clear-block\">\r\n <ul class=\"menu\"><li class=\"leaf first\"><a href=\"/\" title=\"\"><span>FMARS Home</span></a></li>\n<li class=\"leaf\"><a href=\"http://www.marssociety.org/portal\" title=\"Home of the Mars Society, operators of FMARS\"><span>The Mars Society</span></a></li>\n<li class=\"leaf\"><a href=\"/content/about-fmars\" title=\"\"><span>About FMARS</span></a></li>\n<li class=\"leaf\"><a href=\"/content/fmars-xii-crew\" title=\"\"><span>About the Crew</span></a></li>\n<li class=\"leaf\"><a href=\"http://www.fmars2009.org/content/Support-Crew\" title=\"\"><span>Mission Support</span></a></li>\n<li class=\"leaf\"><a href=\"/content/news\" title=\"FMARS In the News\"><span>News</span></a></li>\n<li class=\"leaf\"><a href=\"/category/image-galleries/fmars-images\" title=\"\"><span>Images</span></a></li>\n<li class=\"leaf\"><a href=\"/research.html\" title=\"Research at FMARS\"><span>Research</span></a></li>\n<li class=\"leaf\"><a href=\"/content/sponsors-0\" title=\"Sponsors\"><span>Sponsors</span></a></li>\n<li class=\"leaf\"><a href=\"/content/social-media\" title=\"\"><span>Social Media</span></a></li>\n<li class=\"leaf last\"><a href=\"http://www.zazzle.com/fmars2009\" title=\"\"><span>Store</span></a></li>\n</ul> </div>\r\n\r\n</div></div> \r\n\r\n<div class=\"left-sideblock block block-views\" id=\"block-views-calendar-calendar_block_1 \"><div class=\"sideblock-inner\">\r\n\r\n <h3 class=\"title\"><span class=\"h2-icon\">Content Calendar</span></h3>\r\n \r\n <div class=\"content clear-block\">\r\n <div class=\"view view-calendar view-id-calendar view-display-id-calendar_block_1 view-dom-id-2\">\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n <div class=\"view-content\">\r\n \n<div class=\"calendar-calendar\">\n <div class=\"date-nav clear-block\">\n <div class=\"date-prev\">\n <span class=\"next\"> <a href=\"http://www.fmars2009.org/calendar/2010-02-16?mini=calendar/2010-02\" title=\"Navigate to previous month\" rel=\"nofollow\">« </a></span>\n  </div>\n <div class=\"date-heading\">\n <h3><a href=\"/calendar/2010-03\" title=\"View full page month\">March</a></h3>\n </div>\n <div class=\"date-next\"> \n <span class=\"next\"> <a href=\"http://www.fmars2009.org/calendar/2010-02-16?mini=calendar/2010-04\" title=\"Navigate to next month\" rel=\"nofollow\"> »</a></span>\n \n </div>\n</div>\n</div> </div>\r\n \r\n \r\n <div class=\"attachment-after\">\r\n <div class=\"calendar-calendar\"><div class=\"month-view\">\n \n<table class=\"mini\">\n <thead>\n <tr>\n <th class=\"days sun\">\n S </th>\n <th class=\"days mon\">\n M </th>\n <th class=\"days tue\">\n T </th>\n <th class=\"days wed\">\n W </th>\n <th class=\"days thu\">\n T </th>\n <th class=\"days fri\">\n F </th>\n <th class=\"days sat\">\n S </th>\n </tr>\n </thead>\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <td id=\"calendar-2010-02-28\" class=\"sun mini empty\">\n <div class=\"calendar-empty\"> </div>\n </td>\n <td id=\"calendar-2010-03-01\" class=\"mon mini past has-no-events\">\n <div class=\"month mini-day-off\"> <a href=\"/calendar/2010-03-01\">1</a> </div><div class=\"calendar-empty\"> </div>\n </td>\n <td id=\"calendar-2010-03-02\" class=\"tue mini past has-no-events\">\n <div class=\"month mini-day-off\"> <a href=\"/calendar/2010-03-02\">2</a> </div><div class=\"calendar-empty\"> </div>\n </td>\n <td id=\"calendar-2010-03-03\" class=\"wed mini past has-no-events\">\n <div class=\"month mini-day-off\"> <a href=\"/calendar/2010-03-03\">3</a> </div><div class=\"calendar-empty\"> </div>\n </td>\n <td id=\"calendar-2010-03-04\" class=\"thu mini past has-no-events\">\n <div class=\"month mini-day-off\"> <a href=\"/calendar/2010-03-04\">4</a> </div><div class=\"calendar-empty\"> </div>\n </td>\n <td id=\"calendar-2010-03-05\" class=\"fri mini past has-no-events\">\n <div class=\"month mini-day-off\"> <a href=\"/calendar/2010-03-05\">5</a> </div><div class=\"calendar-empty\"> </div>\n </td>\n <td id=\"calendar-2010-03-06\" class=\"sat mini past has-no-events\">\n <div class=\"month mini-day-off\"> <a href=\"/calendar/2010-03-06\">6</a> </div><div class=\"calendar-empty\"> </div>\n </td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td id=\"calendar-2010-03-07\" class=\"sun mini past has-no-events\">\n <div class=\"month mini-day-off\"> <a href=\"/calendar/2010-03-07\">7</a> </div><div class=\"calendar-empty\"> </div>\n </td>\n <td id=\"calendar-2010-03-08\" class=\"mon mini past has-no-events\">\n <div class=\"month mini-day-off\"> <a href=\"/calendar/2010-03-08\">8</a> </div><div class=\"calendar-empty\"> </div>\n </td>\n <td id=\"calendar-2010-03-09\" class=\"tue mini past has-no-events\">\n <div class=\"month mini-day-off\"> <a href=\"/calendar/2010-03-09\">9</a> </div><div class=\"calendar-empty\"> </div>\n </td>\n <td id=\"calendar-2010-03-10\" class=\"wed mini past has-no-events\">\n <div class=\"month mini-day-off\"> <a href=\"/calendar/2010-03-10\">10</a> </div><div class=\"calendar-empty\"> </div>\n </td>\n <td id=\"calendar-2010-03-11\" class=\"thu mini today has-no-events\">\n <div class=\"month mini-day-off\"> <a href=\"/calendar/2010-03-11\">11</a> </div><div class=\"calendar-empty\"> </div>\n </td>\n <td id=\"calendar-2010-03-12\" class=\"fri mini future has-no-events\">\n <div class=\"month mini-day-off\"> <a href=\"/calendar/2010-03-12\">12</a> </div><div class=\"calendar-empty\"> </div>\n </td>\n <td id=\"calendar-2010-03-13\" class=\"sat mini future has-no-events\">\n <div class=\"month mini-day-off\"> <a href=\"/calendar/2010-03-13\">13</a> </div><div class=\"calendar-empty\"> </div>\n </td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td id=\"calendar-2010-03-14\" class=\"sun mini future has-no-events\">\n <div class=\"month mini-day-off\"> <a href=\"/calendar/2010-03-14\">14</a> </div><div class=\"calendar-empty\"> </div>\n </td>\n <td id=\"calendar-2010-03-15\" class=\"mon mini future has-no-events\">\n <div class=\"month mini-day-off\"> <a href=\"/calendar/2010-03-15\">15</a> </div><div class=\"calendar-empty\"> </div>\n </td>\n <td id=\"calendar-2010-03-16\" class=\"tue mini future has-no-events\">\n <div class=\"month mini-day-off\"> <a href=\"/calendar/2010-03-16\">16</a> </div><div class=\"calendar-empty\"> </div>\n </td>\n <td id=\"calendar-2010-03-17\" class=\"wed mini future has-no-events\">\n <div class=\"month mini-day-off\"> <a href=\"/calendar/2010-03-17\">17</a> </div><div class=\"calendar-empty\"> </div>\n </td>\n <td id=\"calendar-2010-03-18\" class=\"thu mini future has-no-events\">\n <div class=\"month mini-day-off\"> <a href=\"/calendar/2010-03-18\">18</a> </div><div class=\"calendar-empty\"> </div>\n </td>\n <td id=\"calendar-2010-03-19\" class=\"fri mini future has-no-events\">\n <div class=\"month mini-day-off\"> <a href=\"/calendar/2010-03-19\">19</a> </div><div class=\"calendar-empty\"> </div>\n </td>\n <td id=\"calendar-2010-03-20\" class=\"sat mini future has-no-events\">\n <div class=\"month mini-day-off\"> <a href=\"/calendar/2010-03-20\">20</a> </div><div class=\"calendar-empty\"> </div>\n </td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td id=\"calendar-2010-03-21\" class=\"sun mini future has-no-events\">\n <div class=\"month mini-day-off\"> <a href=\"/calendar/2010-03-21\">21</a> </div><div class=\"calendar-empty\"> </div>\n </td>\n <td id=\"calendar-2010-03-22\" class=\"mon mini future has-no-events\">\n <div class=\"month mini-day-off\"> <a href=\"/calendar/2010-03-22\">22</a> </div><div class=\"calendar-empty\"> </div>\n </td>\n <td id=\"calendar-2010-03-23\" class=\"tue mini future has-no-events\">\n <div class=\"month mini-day-off\"> <a href=\"/calendar/2010-03-23\">23</a> </div><div class=\"calendar-empty\"> </div>\n </td>\n <td id=\"calendar-2010-03-24\" class=\"wed mini future has-no-events\">\n <div class=\"month mini-day-off\"> <a href=\"/calendar/2010-03-24\">24</a> </div><div class=\"calendar-empty\"> </div>\n </td>\n <td id=\"calendar-2010-03-25\" class=\"thu mini future has-no-events\">\n <div class=\"month mini-day-off\"> <a href=\"/calendar/2010-03-25\">25</a> </div><div class=\"calendar-empty\"> </div>\n </td>\n <td id=\"calendar-2010-03-26\" class=\"fri mini future has-no-events\">\n <div class=\"month mini-day-off\"> <a href=\"/calendar/2010-03-26\">26</a> </div><div class=\"calendar-empty\"> </div>\n </td>\n <td id=\"calendar-2010-03-27\" class=\"sat mini future has-no-events\">\n <div class=\"month mini-day-off\"> <a href=\"/calendar/2010-03-27\">27</a> </div><div class=\"calendar-empty\"> </div>\n </td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td id=\"calendar-2010-03-28\" class=\"sun mini future has-no-events\">\n <div class=\"month mini-day-off\"> <a href=\"/calendar/2010-03-28\">28</a> </div><div class=\"calendar-empty\"> </div>\n </td>\n <td id=\"calendar-2010-03-29\" class=\"mon mini future has-no-events\">\n <div class=\"month mini-day-off\"> <a href=\"/calendar/2010-03-29\">29</a> </div><div class=\"calendar-empty\"> </div>\n </td>\n <td id=\"calendar-2010-03-30\" class=\"tue mini future has-no-events\">\n <div class=\"month mini-day-off\"> <a href=\"/calendar/2010-03-30\">30</a> </div><div class=\"calendar-empty\"> </div>\n </td>\n <td id=\"calendar-2010-03-31\" class=\"wed mini future has-no-events\">\n <div class=\"month mini-day-off\"> <a href=\"/calendar/2010-03-31\">31</a> </div><div class=\"calendar-empty\"> </div>\n </td>\n <td id=\"calendar-2010-04-01\" class=\"thu mini empty\">\n <div class=\"calendar-empty\"> </div>\n </td>\n <td id=\"calendar-2010-04-02\" class=\"fri mini empty\">\n <div class=\"calendar-empty\"> </div>\n </td>\n <td id=\"calendar-2010-04-03\" class=\"sat mini empty\">\n <div class=\"calendar-empty\"> </div>\n </td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n</table>\n</div></div> </div>\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 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The 2009 FMARS expedition will continue the tradition of excellence in scientific and operational research set forth by past FMARS expeditions. The crew will execute an ambitious research program intended to provide improved understanding of how future human Mars explorers will search for resources via aerial, ground, and subsurface geophysical surveys. They will conduct experiments studying the physiological and psychological aspects of human performance. In all cases, the crew will document its research activities through both peer-reviewed scientific publications and a video documentary intended for broadcast to the general public. The 2009 FMARS crew experiments include:

TAGGS - Tandem Aerial & Ground Geological Survey
Joesph Palaia and Vernon Kramer

The TAGGS experiment (Tandem Aerial & Ground Geological Survey) will investigate the utility of and methods by which an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) can augment and enhance the capabilities of a surface field geologists during the simulated Mars exploration exercise. The UAV system is being provided to the expedition by manufacturer Prioria (Gainesville, FL) through a partnership with NASA. The research involves developing methodology and protocols for tandem UAV and field geologist operations. Key objectives of the TAGGS experiment include:

Assess the dynamics and effectiveness of UAV / field geologist interaction.
Determine the appropriateness of this approach for location and characterization of Mars mineral resources intended for extraction and Insitu Resource Utilization (ISRU).
Demonstrate the value added by one or more on-site human field geologists who augment and expand upon remote robotic sensing capability.
With the aid of UAV imagery, seek out and collect samples from: hydrothermal pipe or clay deposits to find potentially valuable minerals to a Mars economy; gypsum to produce water and plaster for the first time in a Mars habitat; and limestone or dolomite to produce lime for the first time in a Mars habitat.

PASSTA - Portable All-in-one Seismic Station Testing for Astronauts
Brian Shiro

An important science goal of martian and lunar missions is establishing seismic stations to record vibrations mars/moonquakes or impacts. This not only helps in establishing the seismic hazard at the site for possible future human exploration, it is the primary means by which geoscientists can learn about the interior of planets. With a network of seismic sensors spread out over a planet and enough sources (quakes, impacts), we can learn a great deal about the properties of the planet’s crust, mantle, and core. To date, the Viking seismometer is the only instrument of its type to have been deployed on Mars, and unfortunately the experiment was a failure due to its placement on the lander. Nanometrics has graciously offered to loan a Trillium Compact seismic system for use at FMARS. This miniature suitcase seismic system is well suited for use by astronauts on simulated EVAs. Furthermore, establishing a seismic station on Devon Island could have great scientific value to the earth science community since there are no stations on the island.

Install a seismic station under full Mars sim conditions and collect seismic data for the full duration of the expedition.
Assess the effectiveness of field geologist to perform the seismic station installation and maintenance tasks.
Use the data to learn about the subsurface using artificial seismic sources and any detected earthquakes.
Assess the feasibility of using a single seismic station for event localization for seismic safety purposes (e.g., from meteorite impacts).

TEGS - Time-domain Electromagnetic Groundwater Survey
Brian Shiro

Subsurface permafrost layers on Mars may sustain current or former martian life and could one day help support human exploration on the red planet. One of the most effective methods for finding subsurface groundwater is with low frequency electromagnetic sounding geophysical surveys. The time domain electromagnetic method in particular is well suited because …

LLLT - Low Level Laser Light Therapy
Kristine Ferrone

The second is a sports medicine experiment, studying the effectiveness of Low Light Laser therapy for the prevention and treatment of crew members’ pain, discomfort, or injury due to exertion. The FDA has recently approved a Cold Laser version of this therapeutic modality and allows it to be used in studies. My particular experiment will apply Low Laser Light prior to physical activity (especially EVA) to keep the crew flexible and limber during long exposure to cold temperatures. Following physical exertion, the Low Light Laser will be utilized to prevent inflammation and muscle soreness. The results of this study could suggest an effective, inexpensive method for alleviating pain and discomfort in the isolated environment with the possibility of preserving crew health by preventing injury. The requirements for this experiment consist of low level laser hardware as well as the crew’s willingness to participate.

MMP - MIT Mission Planner
Joesph Palaia, Stacy Cusack, (Kristine Ferrone?, Brian Shiro?)

Testing software developed by MIT to help in EVA planning and operations. A navigating system will be highly valuable to astronauts during EVA on planetary surfaces. Applied to the future manned missions to the Moon, a lunar EVA mission planner will assist astronauts navigate during their traverses and our mission planning system informs the crewmember of planetary terrain mapping (digital elevation maps, editing, waypoint automation and path planning, 3D viewing and zooming), sun illumination levels, life support status, metabolic costs, scientific timelines and emergency walkback calculations. For geology and scientific purposes the planner includes re-planning options and allows the use to specify lunar sample acquisition location. The EVA mission provides explorers with real-time traverse assessment and navigation and was designed to be interfaced with existing NASA metabolic workload (LEGACI) and voice recognition (MAS) capabilities. Balancing task allocation between humans and computers is crucial to the development of effective decision support systems.

CSSES - Crew Safety in Simulated Emergency Situations
Stacy Cusack (Christy Garvin?)

The FMARS 2009 crew will be conducting numerous experiments, testing field geology techniques, performing EVAs, utilizing various types of equipment, and living in a close-quarters, isolated habitat. Future astronauts preparing for Moon and Mars base missions will be conducting experiments and excursions with similar equipment in a similar environment. Due to the mission similarities, all aspects of the expedition will be observed to determine lessons learned to be used in the development of future astronaut training plans. In addition, the current philosophies behind Space Flight emergency training will need to be altered for exploration-style missions due to the need for the crew to be more self reliant with a greatly reduced ability to return home in an expedient manner. New concepts for crew emergency response will be documented based on observations made during day-to-day operations and emergency simulations. Simulations conducted during the mission may include: habitat depressurization, habitat fires, toxic chemical leaks, EVA suit leaks, power failures, and medical emergencies. Future EVA training will also require modifications to account for less structured, ground-based EVA task timelines. EVA excursions during FMARS 2009 will be planned based on field objectives, navigational challenges, time efficiency, and crew safety. Observations will be documented to determine what techniques are most effective in allowing crewmembers to plan high-benefit EVA excursions and have the flexibility to adjust an EVA route in real time to account for unexpected discoveries of interest.